Development and testing
The development and testing stage is the stage in which the system is created then examined for any faults, if needed several stages need to be repeated until the system doesn't have any faults. to test for faults a test plan is needed which contains:
Evaluation
The evaluation stage looks at the overall project and considers how things went.
Evaluation involves all the key players in the project, each person role has a part to play in the evaluation.
During the evaluation stage, two key questions are considered:
1. Does the finished solution meet its requirements?
2. Does it solve the problem?
And other questions like:
- Is it easy to use?
- Is it convenient to the users?
- Is the system working properly?
Documentation
Documentation: Every step in the project is documented for future reference and for the improvement of the software in the development process. The design documentation may include writing the application programming interface (API).
Implementation
The implementation of the new system occurs when the old system is replaced by the new one.
There are a new of ways of implementing a new system...
Design Stage
What Factors should a system analyst consider when designing an input and output (screen & forms)?
When designing an input screen, the systems analyst or programmer will need to :
- Set out in such a fashion that it is easy to use.
- Be attractive to look at.
- Need to limit the possibility of inaccurate data being entered.
- Avoid using lots of different colors and fonts.
- Not make it an overelaborate screen design.
- Must contain guidelines to users on how to fill in any data entry forms.
-Allow users to navigate from one screen to another without any difficulty.
- Brief and supplying the reader with all necessary information.
System Analysis
System analysis the process of studying a procedure or business in order to identify its goals and purposes and create systems and procedures that will achieve them in an efficient way.
A person who analyses systems is known as a Systems Analyst.
Often systems analysts are employed by organisations of businesses to help them improve their systems and so become more efficient, and for businesses, more profitable.
A systems analyst would generally perform the following steps in the order shown...
Obviously, people who are blind are not able to see things as well as those who are not blind.
Although it's true that most blind people do have some degree of vision, for all intents and purposes, one can say that people who are blind do not use their eyes to access the web, because whatever vision they have is not useful enough for this kind of task. This means that a computer monitor and mouse would be much less useful to a person who is blind. It's not that blind people are incapable of moving or clicking a mouse; it's just that they don't know where to move it or when to click it, since they can't see what's on the screen.
As it turns out, there are software programs that convert text into synthesized speech and blind people are able to listen to web content. These software programs are generally called screen readers, even though they do quite a bit more than simply read the screen. Screen readers allow users to navigate through Web content in many ways.
The fact that screen reader users use their keyboard as their primary means of navigating the Web is a point that developers need to pay attention to. Without even realizing the consequences, some web developers program their site in such a way that it works only if is accessed using a mouse.
The development and testing stage is the stage in which the system is created then examined for any faults, if needed several stages need to be repeated until the system doesn't have any faults. to test for faults a test plan is needed which contains:
- test data
- actual results
- expected results
- comments on the difference between the expected and actual results
- Normal data: which is accepted by the system
- Extreme data: which would be the data at both ends of a range.
- Abnormal data: which is not accepted by the system.
Evaluation
The evaluation stage looks at the overall project and considers how things went.
Evaluation involves all the key players in the project, each person role has a part to play in the evaluation.
During the evaluation stage, two key questions are considered:
1. Does the finished solution meet its requirements?
2. Does it solve the problem?
And other questions like:
- Is it easy to use?
- Is it convenient to the users?
- Is the system working properly?
The outcome of the evaluation will be to identify any limitations or problems with the new system.
The system analyst will then need to begin the task of system analysis from the beginning, but this time analysing the new system, and then designing, testing and implementing improvements.
Thus the whole process repeats.
The system analyst will then need to begin the task of system analysis from the beginning, but this time analysing the new system, and then designing, testing and implementing improvements.
Thus the whole process repeats.
Documentation
Documentation: Every step in the project is documented for future reference and for the improvement of the software in the development process. The design documentation may include writing the application programming interface (API).
Documentation forms:
Systems Documentation
- Information needed for the on-going maintenance and operation of the computer system
- Structured for the technical systems professional
- Examples: technical diagrams, flowcharts, database management structures, etc.
User documentation
- Easy to read (step by step) instructions for using the application system
- Structured for non-systems professional
WHY IS DOCUMENTATION IMPORTANT?
Systems Documentation
· Maintenance staff must learn system
o The original systems developers are usually not the systems maintenance staff (they move to other new development projects)
· To ensure continuity of systems development after original developers leave the company
· To facilitate the incorporation of new aspects into the system (e.g., adding to the original models) by systems development staff
User Documentation
· To reduce the number of problem telephone calls that the developer receives from customers
· To minimize the amount of the new system training needed
Implementation
The implementation of the new system occurs when the old system is replaced by the new one.
There are a new of ways of implementing a new system...
Design Stage
What Factors should a system analyst consider when designing an input and output (screen & forms)?
When designing an input screen, the systems analyst or programmer will need to :- Set out in such a fashion that it is easy to use.
- Be attractive to look at.
- Need to limit the possibility of inaccurate data being entered.
- Avoid using lots of different colors and fonts.
- Not make it an overelaborate screen design.
- Must contain guidelines to users on how to fill in any data entry forms.
-Allow users to navigate from one screen to another without any difficulty.
- Brief and supplying the reader with all necessary information.
System Analysis
A person who analyses systems is known as a Systems Analyst.
Often systems analysts are employed by organisations of businesses to help them improve their systems and so become more efficient, and for businesses, more profitable.
A systems analyst would generally perform the following steps in the order shown...
Visual disabilities:
Obviously, people who are blind are not able to see things as well as those who are not blind.
Although it's true that most blind people do have some degree of vision, for all intents and purposes, one can say that people who are blind do not use their eyes to access the web, because whatever vision they have is not useful enough for this kind of task. This means that a computer monitor and mouse would be much less useful to a person who is blind. It's not that blind people are incapable of moving or clicking a mouse; it's just that they don't know where to move it or when to click it, since they can't see what's on the screen.
Important
The key Web accessibility principles for users who are blind are:
- Perceivable: because they cannot perceive (see) visual information such as graphics, layout, or color-based cues
- Operable: because they usually depend on a keyboard to operate (navigate) web content functionality, rather than a mouse
- Understandable: because they cannot understand content that is presented in an illogical linear order, or which contains extraneous text not meant to be read word for word or character by character (such as long Web addresses), etc.
- Robust: because the assistive technologies used by the blind are not always capable of accessing a broad range of technologies, especially if those technologies are new
Screen readers
As it turns out, there are software programs that convert text into synthesized speech and blind people are able to listen to web content. These software programs are generally called screen readers, even though they do quite a bit more than simply read the screen. Screen readers allow users to navigate through Web content in many ways.Keyboard accessibility
The fact that screen reader users use their keyboard as their primary means of navigating the Web is a point that developers need to pay attention to. Without even realizing the consequences, some web developers program their site in such a way that it works only if is accessed using a mouse. 
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